Pleural Effusion

What is pleural effusion?

Pleural effusion occurs when fluid accumulates in the gap between the lungs and the chest wall, known as the pleural space.

Normally, there’s a small amount of fluid there to help your lungs move smoothly when you breathe. However, too much fluid can make it hard to breathe and cause chest discomfort.

Pleural effusion has many possible causes. Common ones include:

• Heart failure
• Pneumonia
• Cancer
• Lung infections

Sometimes, other conditions, such as kidney or liver disease, can also lead to fluid buildup. The Southwest Pulmonary Associates team works to find the exact cause so they can treat it appropriately.

What are the symptoms of pleural effusion?

Pleural effusion symptoms vary depending on how much fluid is present, but many people experience:

• Shortness of breath
• Chest pain (especially when taking deep breaths)
• Dry cough
• A feeling of heaviness in the chest

In some cases, there may be no symptoms at all, especially with small amounts of fluid.

How is pleural effusion diagnosed?

The Southwest Pulmonary Associates team typically starts the diagnostic process with a physical exam and imaging tests, such as a chest X-ray or CT scan, to confirm the presence of fluid.

To better understand the cause, they may perform a procedure called thoracentesis, where your provider uses a small needle to remove a sample of the fluid for testing.

If they suspect cancer or another complex condition, the team can perform endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) or Ion Robotic Bronchoscopy for a more detailed look inside the lungs. Using these tools, they can also extract tissue samples for lab analysis.

What treatments are available for pleural effusion?

The Southwest Pulmonary Associates team’s pleural effusion treatment approach depends on the fluid buildup’s cause and severity. In many cases, draining the fluid can relieve symptoms quickly.

If pleural effusions keep coming back, you may need a small tube (called a catheter) to allow fluid to drain more easily at home. Treating the underlying cause is also vital, whether it’s infection, inflammation, or another condition.

The Southwest Pulmonary Associates team has advanced training in lung care and uses the latest diagnostic tools, including ultrasound guidance and minimally invasive procedures, to safely and accurately manage pleural effusions.

If you develop pleural effusion symptoms, call Southwest Pulmonary Associates without delay or complete the online booking form to request a consultation.